Health phenome of Parkinson's patients reveals prominent mood-sleep cluster.

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IntroductionParkinson's disease (PD) patients have multiple co-morbidities, exposures, and medications. Our objective is to evaluate the complexity of features associated with PD in a study of 933 cases and 291 controls in the Harvard Biomarkers Study.MethodsThe primary analysis evaluated 64 health features for associations with PD using logistic regression adjusting for age and sex. We adjusted for multiple testing using the false discovery rate (FDR) with ≤ 0.05 indicating statistical significance. Exploratory analyses examined feature correlation clusters.ResultsDepression (OR = 3.11, 95% CI 2.1 to 4.71), anxiety (OR = 3.31, 95% CI 2.01-5.75), sleep apnea (OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.47-4.92), and restless leg syndrome (RLS; OR 4.12, 95% CI 1.81-12.1) were more common in patients with Parkinson's than in controls. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, sleep apnea, and RLS were correlated, and these diseases formed part of a larger cluster of mood and sleep traits linked to PD. Exposures to pesticides (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.37-2.6), head trauma (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.51-3.73), and smoking (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.43-0.75) were also significantly associated with PD. Vitamin D3 (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.4-3.45) and coenzyme Q10 use (OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.89-4.92) were more common in PD. Cumulatively, 43% of PD patients had at least one psychiatric or sleep disorder, compared to 21% of controls.Conclusions43% of PD patients in an academic medical center have depression, anxiety, or disordered sleep. This syndromic cluster of mood and sleep traits may be pathophysiologically linked and clinically important.

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