Effect of Stimulation of Subthalamic Nucleus onbeta Oscillations and Thalamus Tremor Activity in aComputational Model of Parkinson’s Disease

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with abnormal b band oscillations (13-30 Hz) in the cortico-basal ganglia circuits.Abnormally increased striato-pallidal inhibition and strengthening the synaptic coupling between subthalamic nucleus (STN)and globus pallidus externa (GPe), due to the loss of dopamine, are accounted as the potential sources of b oscillations in thebasal ganglia. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the basal ganglia subregions is known as a way to reduce the pathological boscillations and motor deficits related to PD. Despite the success of the DBS, its underlying mechanism is poorly understoodand, there is controversy about the inhibitory or excitatory role of the DBS in the literature. Here, we utilized a computationalnetwork model of basal ganglia which consists STN, GPe, globus pallidus interna (GPi), and thalamus neuronal population.This model can capture healthy and pathological b oscillations as what has been observed in experimental studies. Using thismodel, we investigated the effect of DBS to understand whether its effect is excitatory or inhibitory. Our results show that theexcitatory DBS (EDBS) is able to quench the pathological synchrony and b oscillations, while, applying inhibitory DBS (IDBS)failed to quench the PD signs. In addition, the EDBS ameliorated the thalamic activity related to tremor in the model, while,the IDBS outperformed. However, with the help of the model results, we conclude that the effect of the DBS on its target isexcitatory

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