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Effects of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation Using Sensory Feedback-Based Wearable Devices on the Gait and Balance in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Brain Sci · 2026-03-26

DOI: 10.3390/brainsci16040359PMID: 42041770

Open accessreview-article; Review; Journal ArticleOriginal source ↗

Research overview

The text below is the source article’s original abstract under a verified reuse license. cc by

BackgroundThis paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the effects of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) delivered via wearable devices on the gait and balance in patients with Parkinson's disease.MethodThe PICO criteria were established according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and literature searches were performed across five databases covering studies published between 2015 and 2025: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science. After applying the inclusion criteria, eleven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the PEDro Scale and ROB-2. Statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4 based on the number of samples, means, and standard deviations to calculate the effect sizes.ResultThe analysis results showed that wearable RAS significantly improved the gait speed (SMD = 0.49, p p Conclusionwearable RAS was identified as an evidence-based intervention effective in improving the gait speed and balance in patients with Parkinson's disease.

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