Coupling between beta band and high frequency oscillations as a clinically useful biomarker for DBS

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Abstract Background The aim of this work was to study the potential clinical usefulness of beta power phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) with high frequency oscillations (HFOs).Objective Beta hypersynchrony was recently introduced into clinical practice in Parkinson’s disease (PD) to identify the best stimulation contacts and for adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) sensing. However, many other oscillopathies accompany the disease and beta power sensing may not be optimal for all patients.Methods Subthalamic nucleus (STN) local field potentials (LFPs) from externalized DBS electrodes were recorded and analyzed in PD patients (n = 19). Beta power and HFOs were evaluated in a resting-state condition; the PAC was then studied and correlated with the electrode contact positions and structural connectivity.Results Beta-HFO PAC (mainly in the 200–500 Hz range) was observed in all subjects. PAC was detectable more specifically in the motor part of the STN compared to beta power and HFOs. Moreover, the presence of PAC better corresponds to the stimulation setup based on the clinical effect. PAC is also sensitive to the laterality of symptoms, where the greater PAC cluster reflects the more affected side.Conclusion Coupling between beta power and HFOs increases with beta power synchronization, which is known to be a correlate of the PD “off” state. Beta-HFO PAC seems to be more sensitive than beta power fluctuation itself and could be more helpful in the best stimulation contact clinical selection and probably also as a potential future input signal for aDBS.

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